Author

Anonymous (Babylonian; standard version attributed to Sin-leqi-unninni)

About Anonymous (Babylonian; standard version attributed to Sin-leqi-unninni)

The epic grew over more than a thousand years in ancient Mesopotamia. Sumerian poems about Gilgamesh, the legendary king of Uruk, were written down around 2100 BC or a little later; Akkadian-speaking scribes of the Old Babylonian period (c. 1800-1600 BC) joined such stories into a single epic; and a later scholar-scribe named Sin-leqi-unninni, whom Mesopotamian tradition credited with the work, is thought to have shaped the standard version in eleven tablets sometime between about 1300 and 1000 BC, to which a twelfth tablet was attached. Gilgamesh himself may have been a real ruler of Uruk in the early third millennium BC, as the Sumerian King List suggests, but nothing certain is known of his life.

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The Epic of Gilgamesh

c. 2100-1200 BC · Ancient · Epic

The Epic of Gilgamesh is the great poem of ancient Mesopotamia, known in its fullest form from the standard Babylonian version on clay tablets, many of them from the library of the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal at Nineveh. The library holds no text of it: the public-domain English versions, by Stephen Langdon (1917), Morris Jastrow and Albert T. Clay (1920) and R. Campbell Thompson (1928), are fragmentary scholarly editions of a poem still being recovered, so this record describes the epic without quoting it.

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