Great Lives

Elizabeth Gaskell

1810–1865 · English Victorian novelist and biographer, author of Cranford, North and South and The Life of Charlotte Brontë.

Elizabeth Stevenson was born in London in 1810. Her mother died when she was a baby, and she was raised by an aunt in Knutsford, Cheshire, a small town that later became the model for her book Cranford. In 1832 she married William Gaskell, a Unitarian minister in Manchester, then a fast-growing industrial city. The couple had several children, and after the death of their infant son in 1845 she began writing her first novel, Mary Barton (1848), about the hardships of working families in Manchester. It was published anonymously and attracted wide attention. Charles Dickens invited her to write for his magazine Household Words, where Cranford, gentle sketches of life among the ladies of a country town, first appeared. Her other novels include Ruth, about an unmarried mother, North and South and Wives and Daughters, unfinished at her death. After the death of her friend Charlotte Brontë, she wrote The Life of Charlotte Brontë (1857). She died suddenly in Hampshire in 1865.

Elizabeth Gaskell is also an author in the library: author page and works.

Faith: A Unitarian; her husband was minister of Cross Street Unitarian Chapel, Manchester. Source: Dictionary of National Biography (1885–1900) (via Wikisource)

Elizabeth Gaskell by George Richmond
Elizabeth Gaskell by George Richmond Source · Public domain

Key dates

  • 1810 Born in London
  • 1832 Marries William Gaskell
  • 1848 Mary Barton published
  • 1853 Cranford and Ruth published
  • 1857 The Life of Charlotte Brontë
  • 1865 Dies in Hampshire

See where they lived

Official museums and historic homes we don’t run. Follow each site’s link for learning resources and current visiting information.

  • Elizabeth Gaskell lived at 84 Plymouth Grove in Manchester from 1850 to 1865. The preserved house offers school visits with Victorian rooms, object handling, and literacy activities.

    Elizabeth Gaskell’s House — school visits

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