Great Lives

Elizabeth I

1533–1603 · Queen of England whose long reign saw the defeat of the Spanish Armada and a golden age of literature.

Elizabeth was the daughter of King Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn, who was executed when Elizabeth was two. She was well educated, reading Latin and Greek and speaking several modern languages. During the reign of her Catholic half-sister Mary I she was suspected of plotting and was briefly held in the Tower of London. She became queen in 1558 at twenty-five and restored the Protestant Church of England in a settlement meant to hold most of the country together. She never married, and was called the Virgin Queen. Her reign faced plots on her life, war with Spain and rebellion in Ireland. In 1587, after long hesitation, she allowed the execution of her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots. In 1588 English ships and storms scattered the Spanish Armada, and she gave a famous speech to her troops at Tilbury. Her age saw the plays of Shakespeare and Marlowe and the voyages of Drake and Raleigh. She died in 1603, the last of the Tudor monarchs.

Elizabeth I is also an author in the library: author page and works.

Faith: A Protestant who established the Church of England as Supreme Governor, though she kept some Catholic symbols. Source: Wikipedia

Elizabeth I by Unidentified painter (1575)
Elizabeth I by Unidentified painter (1575) Source · Public domain

Key dates

  • 1533 Born at Greenwich
  • 1558 Becomes queen
  • 1588 Defeat of the Spanish Armada; Tilbury speech
  • 1603 Dies at Richmond

Fun facts

  • She was named after her two grandmothers, Elizabeth of York and Lady Elizabeth Howard. (Source: Elizabeth I (Wikipedia))

Record-breaker

Firsts and records, worded as the sources give them ("first known", "at the time").

Watch

  • Biography Elizabeth I - Queen of England & Last Monarch of the House of Tudor | Mini Bio | BIO. Biography. Watch on YouTube

  • Biography Elizabeth I: Ruled England for 44 Years - Fast Facts | History. HISTORY. Watch on YouTube

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In their words

“I know I have the body but of a weak and feeble woman; but I have the heart and stomach of a king, and of a king of England too”

Read about them

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Grades 3–5

  • Good Queen Bess by Diane Stanley (HarperCollins, 2001; Hardcover edition; ISBN 9780688179618)
    Bookshop.org · Amazon

Grades 6–8

Grades 9–12

  • The Life of Elizabeth I by Alison Weir (Ballentine Books, 2003; ISBN 9780345425508)
    Bookshop.org · Amazon

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