Great Lives

Hatshepsut

c. 1507–1458 BC · Woman pharaoh of Egypt's New Kingdom, known for her building projects and trade expedition to Punt.

Hatshepsut was the daughter of the pharaoh Thutmose I and the wife of her half-brother Thutmose II. When he died, his son by another wife, Thutmose III, was still a small child, and Hatshepsut ruled for him as regent. Within a few years she took the full titles of pharaoh herself, and she was often shown in statues and carvings with the traditional false beard and kilt of a king. Her reign of about twenty years was largely peaceful and prosperous. She sent a famous trading expedition to the land of Punt, probably on the Red Sea coast of Africa, which brought back gold, ebony, animals and incense trees, and the voyage was carved on the walls of her magnificent terraced temple at Deir el-Bahari near Thebes. She also raised huge granite obelisks at the temple of Karnak. After her death, Thutmose III ruled on his own, and later in his reign many of her images and names were chiseled off monuments. Her mummy was identified by scholars in 2007.

Faith: Practiced the religion of ancient Egypt; she held the title God's Wife of Amun and built temples to the gods. Source: Wikipedia

Key dates

  • c. 1479 BC Becomes regent for Thutmose III
  • c. 1473 BC Takes the titles of pharaoh
  • c. 1470s BC Expedition to Punt; Deir el-Bahari temple built
  • c. 1458 BC Dies
  • 2007 Mummy identified

Watch

  • Summary Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut and Large Kneeling Statue, New Kingdom, Egypt. Smarthistory. Watch on YouTube

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More lives

Alexander the Great · Ashoka · Augustus · Cleopatra VII · Constantine the Great · Cyrus the Great

Notes: Egyptian regnal dates are approximate and vary by chronology.