Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
1749–1832 · German poet, playwright, novelist and scientist, author of Faust and The Sorrows of Young Werther.
Johann Wolfgang Goethe was born in Frankfurt in 1749 into a prosperous family and was educated at home in languages, drawing and music before studying law at Leipzig and Strasbourg. His novel The Sorrows of Young Werther (1774), told in letters by a young man who suffers from unhappy love, made him famous across Europe. In 1775 he was invited to the small duchy of Weimar by its young duke, Karl August, and he stayed for the rest of his life, serving as a minister responsible for matters such as mines, roads and finances and directing the court theater. A journey to Italy in 1786–1788 deeply influenced his work. His close friendship with the poet Friedrich Schiller produced a great period of German literature. Goethe wrote poems, plays, the novel Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship, and scientific studies of plants, the bones of the skull, and color. His greatest work, the verse drama Faust, about a scholar who makes a bargain with the devil Mephistopheles, occupied him for most of his life; Part One appeared in 1808. He died in Weimar in 1832.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe is also an author in the library: author page and works.
Faith: A freethinker who believed one could be inwardly Christian without following any church; he showed interest in other religions, including Islam. Source: Wikipedia
Further reading
- Goethe: A Very Short Introduction by Ritchie Robertson (Oxford University Press, 2016), ISBN 9780199689255

Key dates
- 1749 Born in Frankfurt
- 1774 The Sorrows of Young Werther published
- 1775 Moves to Weimar
- 1786–1788 Travels in Italy
- 1808 Faust, Part One published
- 1832 Dies in Weimar; Faust, Part Two published
Fun facts
- Studying an elephant's skull, he independently discovered a small bone in the human upper jaw, sometimes called 'Goethe's bone'. The skull, now nicknamed the Goethean Elephant, is on display in Kassel, Germany. (Source: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (Wikipedia))
- As a boy he was fascinated by puppet shows, which later turned up again and again in his writing. (Source: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (Wikipedia))
Read about them
Grades 9–12
- Faust, Part One · In the library
- Faust, Part Two · In the library
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