Great Lives

Charlotte Brontë

1816–1855 · English novelist and poet, eldest of the Brontë sisters to survive childhood, author of Jane Eyre and Villette.

Charlotte Brontë was born in 1816 in Thornton, Yorkshire, the third of six children of the clergyman Patrick Brontë, and grew up at the parsonage in Haworth. Her two elder sisters died after attending the Clergy Daughters' School at Cowan Bridge, an experience she later drew on for Lowood school in Jane Eyre. With her brother Branwell she invented the imaginary kingdom of Angria and wrote many stories about it. She worked as a teacher and governess, and in 1842 she and Emily went to study in Brussels, where Charlotte later returned to teach; this inspired her novel Villette. In 1846 the sisters published poems as Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell. Jane Eyre (1847), the story of an orphaned governess and her employer, Mr. Rochester, was an immediate success. After the deaths of Branwell, Emily and Anne in 1848–1849 she wrote Shirley and Villette. In 1854 she married Arthur Bell Nicholls, her father's curate, and she died in 1855, probably during pregnancy.

Charlotte Brontë is also an author in the library: author page and works.

Faith: Daughter of an Anglican clergyman. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica

Charlotte Brontë by George Richmond
Charlotte Brontë by George Richmond Source · Public domain

Key dates

  • 1816 Born in Thornton, Yorkshire
  • 1842 Studies in Brussels
  • 1846 Poems by Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell
  • 1847 Jane Eyre published
  • 1853 Villette published
  • 1854 Marries Arthur Bell Nicholls
  • 1855 Dies at Haworth

See where they lived

Official museums and historic homes we don’t run. Follow each site’s link for learning resources and current visiting information.

  • Charlotte, Emily, and Anne Brontë grew up and wrote in the parsonage at Haworth on the Yorkshire moors. The Brontë Parsonage Museum still stands there and welcomes learning visits for schools and families.

    Brontë Parsonage Museum — learning visits

Read about them

Grades 9–12

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