George Orwell
1903–1950 · English novelist and essayist Eric Blair, author of Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-Four.
Eric Arthur Blair was born in 1903 in Motihari, India, where his father was a British official, and was brought to England as a baby. He won a scholarship to Eton, and instead of going to university he joined the Indian Imperial Police in Burma in 1922. He resigned in 1927 and, wanting to understand poverty firsthand, lived among the poor in Paris and London, writing Down and Out in Paris and London (1933) under the pen name George Orwell. The Road to Wigan Pier described the lives of coal miners in northern England. In 1936 he went to fight against Franco in the Spanish Civil War, where he was shot in the throat, and his experiences of the war and of rival factions on his own side, described in Homage to Catalonia, made him a lifelong opponent of totalitarianism. During the Second World War he worked for the BBC. Animal Farm (1945), a fable about farm animals whose revolution is betrayed, and Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), set in a society under constant surveillance, made him famous. He died of tuberculosis in London in 1950.
George Orwell is also an author in the library: author page and works.
Faith: An atheist who identified with a humanist outlook, though he took part in the social life of the Church of England. Source: Wikipedia

Key dates
- 1903 Born in Motihari, India
- 1922 Joins the Indian Imperial Police in Burma
- 1933 Down and Out in Paris and London
- 1937 Wounded in the Spanish Civil War
- 1945 Animal Farm published
- 1949 Nineteen Eighty-Four published
- 1950 Dies in London
Fun facts
- He chose the pen name George Orwell because 'It is a good round English name': George for England's patron saint and Orwell for the River Orwell in Suffolk. (Source: George Orwell (Wikipedia))
Record-breaker
Firsts and records, worded as the sources give them ("first known", "at the time").
- He may have been the first to use the phrase 'cold war', in an essay published in 1945. (Source: George Orwell (Wikipedia))
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Read about them
Grades 9–12
- Animal Farm · In the library
- Politics and the English Language · In the library
- Nineteen Eighty-Four · In the library
- Down and Out in Paris and London · In the library
- Burmese Days · In the library
- A Clergyman's Daughter · In the library
- Keep the Aspidistra Flying · In the library
- The Road to Wigan Pier · In the library
- Homage to Catalonia · In the library
- Coming Up for Air · In the library
- Shooting an Elephant and Other Essays · In the library
More lives
Marguerite de Angeli · Richard and Florence Atwater · Mariano Azuela · Samuel Beckett · W. E. B. Du Bois · Bertolt Brecht
