Herman Melville
1819–1891 · American novelist and poet, author of Moby-Dick and Billy Budd.
Herman Melville was born in New York City in 1819. His father's import business failed and he died when Herman was twelve, leaving the family in debt. Melville worked as a bank clerk, teacher and farmhand, and in 1839 he sailed on a merchant ship to Liverpool. In 1841 he joined the crew of the whaling ship Acushnet, bound for the Pacific. He deserted in the Marquesas Islands, lived for a time among the Taipi people, and later served on other ships, including a United States Navy frigate. His novels based on these adventures, Typee (1846) and Omoo, were popular. While living on a farm in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, where he became friends with Nathaniel Hawthorne, he wrote Moby-Dick (1851), the story of Captain Ahab's obsessive hunt for a white whale, narrated by the sailor Ishmael. It sold poorly, and his later books, including Bartleby, the Scrivener, were also little noticed. For nineteen years he worked as a customs inspector in New York. He died there in 1891, leaving Billy Budd unfinished; it was published in 1924.
Herman Melville is also an author in the library: author page and works.
Faith: Raised in a home shaped by his mother's strict Dutch Reformed (Calvinist) faith; his own later beliefs were questioning and are debated. Source: Wikipedia
Further reading
- Herman Melville: A Very Short Introduction by Maurice S. Lee (Oxford University Press, 2026)

Key dates
- 1819 Born in New York City
- 1841 Sails on the whaler Acushnet
- 1846 Typee published
- 1851 Moby-Dick published
- 1866 Becomes a customs inspector in New York
- 1891 Dies in New York
- 1924 Billy Budd published
See where they lived
Official museums and historic homes we don’t run. Follow each site’s link for learning resources and current visiting information.
Melville lived at Arrowhead in Pittsfield, Massachusetts from 1850 to 1863 and wrote Moby-Dick there. The Berkshire County Historical Society explains the preserved house and the landscapes that inspired him.
Record-breaker
Firsts and records, worded as the sources give them ("first known", "at the time").
- His poem Clarel is among the longest single poems in American literature. (Source: Herman Melville (Wikipedia))
Read about them
Grades 9–12
- Moby-Dick · In the library
- Billy Budd and Other Stories · In the library
- Typee: A Peep at Polynesian Life · In the library
More lives
Edwin A. Abbott · Jane Addams · Louisa May Alcott · Hans Christian Andersen · Jane Austen · Honoré de Balzac